Molecular Pathology of
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma
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Molecular Pathology of Glioblastoma |
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| Affected Protein | Pathway | Sub-Type | Ethnicity | Stage | Frequency (%) | Gene Amplification | Activating Mutation | Inactivating Mutation | Deletion | Promoter Hypermethylation | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRAF | Ras Signal Transduction Pathway |
glioblastoma | 6% | |||||||||
| c-Met (HGFR) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 4% | |||||||||
| CDK4 (Cyclin dependent kinase 4) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
primary GBM | 12-17% | rare in low grade astrocytoma | ||||||||
| CDKN2B | Cell Cycle Regulation |
primary GBM | 47% | |||||||||
| EGF Receptor | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 40 - 45% | mutualy exclusive with TP53 mutation | ||||||||
| ErbB-2 (Her2/neu) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 7% | |||||||||
| KRAS | Ras Signal Transduction Pathway |
primary GBM | 2% | |||||||||
| MDM2 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
primary GBM | 7 - 14% | |||||||||
| MDM4 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
primary GBM | 7% | |||||||||
| MGMT | DNA-Repair |
primary GBM | 21% | |||||||||
| NF1 | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 17% | |||||||||
| p14ARF (CDKN2A) | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
primary glioblastoma | 50% | |||||||||
| p16INK4a (CDKN2A) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
primary GBM | 40 - 51% | rare in low grade astrocytoma | ||||||||
| p16INK4a (CDKN2A) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
secondary GBM | 4% | |||||||||
| p53 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
primary GBM | 10-35% | mutually exclusive with MDM2 or MDM4 | ||||||||
| p53 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
secondary GBM | 60% | mutualy exclusive with INK4A | ||||||||
| PDGFR-alpha | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 13% | |||||||||
| Pi3-kinase | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
GBM | 6 - 27% | |||||||||
| PI3KR1 | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 9% | |||||||||
| PTEN | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 30-36% | |||||||||
| PTEN | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 9% | |||||||||
| PTEN | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
secondary GBM | 4% | |||||||||
| PTEN | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
secondary GBM | 82% | |||||||||
| RB1 | Cell Cycle Regulation |
all GBM | 11-33% | mutations in INK4A or CDK4 or RB are mutially exclusive | ||||||||
| SPRY2 | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
primary GBM | 2% |
| See Clinical Trials in in the TTC Database |
| CANCER.GOV PDQ® - Standard Treatments for Glioblastoma |